What Is Oculoplasty?
Oculoplasty is the method that deals with all structures encircling the eyeball. It is a delicate art of plastic surgery which is done around the eyeball. The structure around the eye is quite sensitive and needs to be protected by eye and socket. The nerves, arteries, and muscles which are behind the eyeball carry messages to the brain for the functioning of regular activities like eyeball movement, nutrition, etc. Oculoplastic surgery is usually carried out to cure the disorders which are concerned with the orbit and the other features around the eyeball.
Oculoplastic surgery is performed at Birla Eye Hospital. These Oculoplastic surgeries include high risk and expert Oculoplastic surgeon to carry out Oculoplasty successfully without significant complications. Oculoplastic surgery is carried out to repair and restore around eye structure.
The following list Oculoplastic surgeries carried out at Birla Eye Hospital. Keep in mind that Oculoplasty treats an extensive variety of issues, some of them may not appear on this list.
1. Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) –
Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure to restore the flow of tears from the nose from the lacrimal sac when the nasolacrimal duct is blocked to the throat.
Endoscopic
The operation can also be performed endoscopically through the nose where an opening is fashioned in the lacrimal sac from within the nose. The advantages include lesser peri-operative morbidity and no scar. Data suggests a slightly lower success rate than the "traditional" technique.
With the advent of nasal endoscopes, endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy is becoming popular. In this procedure, a nasal endoscope is used to visualise the lacrimal sac through the nasal cavity. The bone covering the lacrimal sac is nibbled out. The medial wall of the sac is incised or excised, facilitating drainage of tears into the nasal cavity. This procedure avoids scarring.
2. Eyelid Surgery -
Entropion –
Entropion is a condition in which your eyelid turns inward so that your eyelashes and skin rub against the eye surface. This causes irritation and discomfort.
When you have entropion, your eyelid may be turned in all the time or only when you blink hard or squeeze your eyelids shut. Entropion is more common in older adults, and it generally affects only the lower eyelid.
Artificial tears and lubricating ointments can help relieve symptoms of entropion. But usually surgery is needed to fully correct the condition. Left untreated, entropion can cause damage to the transparent covering in the front part of your eye (cornea), eye infections and vision loss.
Ectropion –
Ectropion is a condition in which your eyelid turns outward. This leaves the inner eyelid surface exposed and prone to irritation.
Ectropion is more common in older adults, thermal and chemical injury and it generally affects only the lower eyelid. In severe ectropion, the entire length of the eyelid is turned out. In less severe ectropion, only one segment of the eyelid sags away from the eye.
Artificial tears and lubricating ointments can help relieve symptoms of ectropion. But usually surgery is needed to fully correct the condition.
Ptosis-
Ptosis is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid. The drooping may be worse after being awake longer when the individual's muscles are tired. If severe enough and left untreated, the drooping eyelid can cause other conditions, such as amblyopia or astigmatism. This is why it is especially important for this disorder to be treated in children at a young age, before it can interfere with vision development.
Chalazion-
Chalazion is in the eyelid due to a blocked oil gland. They are typically in the middle of the eyelid, red, and non painful. They tend to come on gradually over a few weeks.
A chalazion may occur following a stye or from hardened oils blocking the gland. The blocked gland is the meibomian gland but or of Zeis. cellulitis may appear similar. A stye, however, is usually more sudden in onset, painful, and occurs at the edge of the eyelid. Cellulitis is also typically painful.
Treatment is typically initially with warm compresses. If this is not effective injecting steroids into the lesion may be tried. If large, incision and drainage may be recommended. While relatively common the frequency of the condition is unknown. The term is from the Greek "khalazion" meaning "small hailstone
Pterygium
A pterygium is a growth of the conjunctiva or mucous membrane that covers the white part of your eye over the cornea. The cornea is the clear front covering of the eye. This benign or noncancerous growth is often shaped like a wedge. A pterygium usually doesn’t cause problems or require treatment, but it can be removed if it interferes with your vision.